Kinetics and mechanism of smelting reduction of fluxed chromite …
Experimental studies on the smelting reduction of fluxed chromite pellets in Fe–C–Si melts were carried out at 1508–1590°C under an initial atmosphere of argon. The reduction was found to be favoured by high temperatures, high melt C contents and a high addition of lime or silica to the pellets.
The role of silica in the hydrous metamorphism of chromite
Semantic Scholar extracted view of "The role of silica in the hydrous metamorphism of chromite" by V. Colás et al. Semantic Scholar extracted view of "The role of silica in the hydrous metamorphism of chromite" by V. Colás et al. ... The Loma Baya complex in south-western Mexico is a volume of chromitite-bearing oceanic mantle that …
Beneficiation of South African chromite tailings using
The chemical composition of the chromite tailings sample is shown in Table 1. Table 1 shows that the sample had a chromite content of 20.03% with silica as the major gangue measured at 33.50%. The iron oxide content assayed at 17.94%. The chromite content corroborates the research that was conducted by [4] which indicated that there is sufficient
Reduction mechanism of chromite spinel with carbon
Ferrochromium produced by smelting chromite ores is an important alloying component in the steel industry. Ore, coke and fluxes are mixed and reacted in an arc furnace for a smelting process of ferrochromium. In addition to this process, pre-reduction of chromite ore with carbon is an important industrial process. In all these processes, the …
Smelting of High-Carbon Ferrochrome from Prereduced Chromite …
Experimental smelting of three batches of prereduced chromite raw materials with different degrees of metallization of chromium was conducted in the 0.2 MVA ore-smelting furnace of the Chemical and Metallurgical Institute named after Zh. Abishev (Karaganda). To assess the performance indicators of the remelting of prereduced …
Thermodynamic Modeling of the Solid State Carbothermic Reduction …
Chromite ore is added along with a carbon-containing reducing agent and a flux, typically silica and then smelted in the SAF. This process is very energy intensive, requiring 4 MWh per tonne of ferrochrome alloy produced. ... The reduction of chromite in the presence of silica flux. Miner Eng 19(3):318–324. Article CAS Google Scholar ...
The role of silica in the hydrous metamorphism of chromite
The behaviour of chromite during metamorphism has been recently documented (Colás et al. 2014(Colás et al., 2017(Colás et al., 2019González-Jiménez et al. 2015, 2016.
Hydrogen-based pre-reduction of chromite: Reduction and …
In 1993, the two-stage reduction mechanism for chromite with carbon was established by Weber [39]. Results show that the first stage was confined to iron …
3 Magma, Melting, and Crystallization – Open Petrology
Silicon and oxygen dominate most magmas, with silica (SiO 2) comprising 40-80% of overall composition. At a fundamental level, we use the general terms ultramafic, mafic, intermediate, and silicic to describe rocks and magmas ranging from low silica-content to high silica-content. Silica content has a major effect on magma properties.
Mechanism of the Direct Reduction of Chromite Process as a …
Direct reduction of chromite (DRC) is a promising alternative process for ferrochrome production with the potential to significantly reduce energy consumption and greenhouse …
Carbothermic smelting of high carbon ferrochromium alloy from …
The objective of this study is to investigate some of the parameters affecting the possible utilisation of Egyptian chromite ores for the production of high carbon ferrochromium. Pilot plant experimental heats were carried out to determine the optimum condition to get the highest recovery and metallic yield using the carbothermic smelting ...
Peridotites, chromitites and diamonds in ophiolites
Diamond is a typical UHP mineral that forms at depths >150 km (~5 GPa) and is commonly found in certain types of volcanic rocks (for example, kimberlites, …
Kinetics and mechanism of smelting reduction of fluxed …
Experimental studies on the smelting reduction of fluxed carbon–chromite composite pellets in Fe–Cr–C–Si alloys were carried out at 1520–1600°C. The reduction …
Kinetics and mechanisms of the carbothermic reduction of chromite in
The influence of Ni or NiO addition on the smelting reduction of chromite fluxed with SiO 2 and CaO has been previously investigated at 1550 and 1650 °C [], which demonstrates the feasibility of directly producing a high-carbon ferrochromium-nickel alloy suitable for stainless steel production.In our study, the influence of Ni addition was …
Reduction mechanism of chromite spinel with carbon
According to Kadarmetov,' the silicon and carbon con-tents of the alloy depend on the quantity and quality of the lump chromite ore charged to the submerged-arc furnace and on the amount of ...
Kinetics of solid state silica fluxed reduction of chromite …
Solid state reduction of an Australian chromite with black coal and silica addition was studied thermogravimetrically in the temperature range 1000–1400°C under an argon atmosphere.
Smelting of high-carbon ferrochrome from chromium
Smelting of high-carbon ferrochrome from chromium agglomerate produced with alumina-silica flux. January 2017; Steel in Translation 47(1):65-69 ... Production of chromite pellets for smelting the ...
Reduction of carbon-chromite composite pellets with silica flux
The reduction of carbon-chromite composite pellets with a silica flux was investigated at 1240-1410°C under an Ar-CO atmosphere. It was found that the effect of silica occurred …
Reduction of Carbon‐Burdened Chromite Pellets in the …
Tao JIANG [email protected] School of Minerals Processing & Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China. Search for more papers by this author
chromite silica carbon flux
Aug 31, 2016· ... magnetite ilmenite chromite silica grains ... using yeast chromite silica carbon flux ... pellets with silica flux Ironmaking Ferro ... silice chromite le flux de carbone - mpsraj. Silica and the cycle of carbon in the ocean - ScienceDirect. La silice et le cycle du carbone dans l'océan, (rapports du flux d'opale dans les ...
Pasheema_International
Pasheema's Chromite sand has been selected and used in foundries as a result of its unique ... supplied Chromite sand provides a means for foundrymen to cast tough jobs and produce high quality castings, …
Chromite chemistry of a massive chromitite seam in the …
The Bushveld Igneous Complex (BIC) is known for its laterally extensive platinum group element–bearing layers, the most famous being the Merensky Reef and the UG-2 chromitite in the eastern and western limbs of the complex. In the northern limb, the Platreef mineralization and a thick chromitite seam below it (referred to as the "UG-2 …
Chromium (Cr) Ore | Minerals, Formation, Deposits
Chromite is a dark, opaque mineral with a high specific gravity and metallic luster. It is typically found in the form of euhedral crystals, irregular grains, or as interstitial material between other minerals in the host rock. Chromite is composed of chromium, iron, and oxygen, with variable amounts of magnesium, aluminum, and other elements.
Review on Preparation of Medium- and Low-carbon Ferrochrome …
Reduction Temperature. Xu et al. [] studied the spheronization and reduction catalysis of carbon-containing chrome ore and studied the effect of reduction temperature on the metallization rate.Zambrano et al. [] analysed the effects of reduction temperature and excess reducing agent on ferrosilicon using raw materials (chromite, petroleum …
Synthesis and performance evaluation of silica-supported …
Abstract Sol-gel technique was used to prepare silica-supported copper chromite catalyst from acid hydrolysis of sodium silicate. The catalyst was characterized by BET surface area, FESEM, XRD, H2-TPR and pyridine adsorption by FTIR. The catalyst was activated in a hydrogen atmosphere based on H2-TPR result. The surface acidity of …
The reduction of chromite in the presence of silica flux
As mentioned earlier above, the effect of silica addition on reduction of chromite at 1300 °C was minimal at all the particle sizes and at all levels of silica addition.At higher temperatures of 1400 °C and 1500 °C, the influence of silica was …
Catalytic reduction of carbon-chromite composite pellets by …
Semantic Scholar extracted view of "Catalytic reduction of carbon-chromite composite pellets by lime" by Y. L. Ding et al. ... The reduction mechanism of chromite in the presence of a silica flux. P. Weber R. H. Eric. Materials Science, Geology ... Reduction was by graphite in the presence of silica. Thermo-gravimetric … Expand. 35. Save.
Thermodynamic Modeling of the Solid State Carbothermic …
Chromite ore is added along with a carbon-containing reducing agent and a flux, typically silica and then smelted in the SAF. This process is very energy intensive, …
Effect of silica on the carbothermic reduction of chromite
As an example, SiO 2 was employed as a flux in a number of investigations, [31,32,34,35,37,38] to lower the ore mixture smelting point and promote a combination of solid-and liquid-state pre ...
Solid State Reduction of Iron, Manganese and Chromium Oxide …
Moreover, as the system contains hydrogen and elemental carbon according to Eq. (), they will act as the real reducing agents forming gaseous H 2 O, CO and CO 2 along with metal.According to Randhawa and Rehmat, [], hydrogen gas can react with carbon dioxide and according to Lin et al. [], water vapour can also react with the …