Numerical Modeling of Copper Reduction in …
Fire refining of blister copper is a singular process at very high temperatures (~1400 K), which means the furnace is exposed to heavy thermal loads. The charge is directly heated by an internal ...
Characterization of fire-refined copper recycled from scrap
Initial compositions of copper scrap ranged between 95 and 99.6% copper, usually with 1000–7000 ppm of total impurities such as lead, zinc, tin, iron, antimony, nickel and silver. After smelting and fire-refining, there were selected the studied samples from different castings, whose compositions are shown in Table I.
Method of continuous fire refining of copper
A method of intensive, continuous copper fire refining, said method comprising the stages of: continuous tapping in a liquid copper (4) into a first oxidation reactor; liquid copper oxidation with combustion gases containing oxygen or with air; simultaneous formation of slag collecting impurities; continuous tapping out of oxidized copper and refining slag …
WO2016177936A1
Provided herein is a process of fire refining blister copper, comprising the steps of (a) providing molten blister copper into an anode furnace; (b) when sulfur concentration of the molten blister copper provided in step (a) is above a first prescribed target value, oxidizing sulfur in the molten blister copper by blowing oxygen containing gas into the molten …
Process | SDI La Farga Copperworks
We use state-of-the-art technology to refine all types of reclaimed copper and to produce Cu-FRHC (fire-refined, high-conductivity) products that are 99.9 percent pure and meet ASTM B-49 standards. ... 470,000,000 lbs. annual capacity, 250,000,000 lbs. in conjunction with the Refining Furnace.
Estimation of CO2-Equivalent Emission under the Copper Fire Refining
The emission of greenhouse gas -carbon dioxide in the process of fire refining of blister copper has been calculated. The anode melting process consists of several stages where the most important ones are melting of charge, oxidation, and copper melt reduction. Calculations are based on taking into account the mass of burnt carbon …
Copper Production Processes
In fire-refining, molten blister copper is placed in a fire-refining furnace, a flux may be added and air is blown through the molten mixture to remove residual sulfur. Air blowing results in residual oxygen which is removed by the addition of natural gas, propane, ammonia or wood. The fire-refined copper is cast into anodes for further ...
17.5: Refining of Copper
Even small concentrations of impurities noticeably lower copper's electrical conductivity. Such a high degree of purity can be obtained by electrolytic refining in a cell similar to that shown in Figure (PageIndex{1}). Figure (PageIndex{1}): The electrolytic purification of copper.
Electrolytic Refining and Winning of Metals | SpringerLink
The electrorefining process was introduced about a hundred years ago to produce a substitute to fire-refined copper. Today, practically all of the world's copper production (~8,000,000 metric tons/year) is electrorefined, constituting by far the largest electrolytic refining industry. ... F. T. Bennell, Thyristors or Copper Refining, Chem ...
Operation and Fundamentals of Direct Anode Copper …
The reduction period of the OBCC process is similar to the reduction period of conventional fire refining of blister copper, in which the Cu 2 O in crude copper is reduced. The main objective of this process is deoxygenation, with limited removal of associated elements. The parameters affecting the reduction period are the slag residue …
Reducing agents in fire refining of copper
anode copper, fire refining, reduction, anode furnace 1. Copper refining Both blister copper and copper from converters contain 1.2 - 2.4% of admixtures. These are
Extractive Metallurgy of Copper | ScienceDirect
The products of the process are: Molten blister copper (99% Cu, 0.02% S and 0.6% O), which is sent forward to fire refining for final S and O removal, then anode casting: …
Hazard Awareness Bulletin Copper Smelting and …
Fire Refining Any remaining copper oxide is reduced to copper by the injection of methane gas, increasing the purity up to 99%. 4 CuO + CH 4 → 4 Cu + CO 2 + 2H 2 O Electrolytic Refining Molten copper is cast into moulds to form copper anodes, in preparation for electrolytic refining. The copper anodes are
THE ISA PROCESS AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO …
Fire refined, Lake copper set the standard for purity and conductivity up until this century. ... The first copper refinery was built in Newark by Balbach Smelting and Refining Company in 1883. Early electrorefineries had difficulty producing firm cathode deposits of high purity copper. The use of additives to the electrolyte, in particular
Refining
Fire refining of blister copper is carried out at 1150–1200 °C either in a rotary furnace (3–5 m diameter and 9–14 m long) or in a reverberatory furnace (12 – 15 …
Fundamentals of the refractory wear in an industrial …
At the end of the fire refining, the copper obtained (anodic copper; about 99.5 wt% Cu) is tapped and cast using a casting wheel to produce the anodes.-The anodes are the "raw material" used in electro-refining to obtain commercial copper (99.99 wt% Cu). The efficiency of electro-refining is affected by the anodes' oxygen, sulfur and ...
Modeling of Metallurgical Process of Copper Fire Refining
Metallurgical processes in Me-O-C systems cannot be studied and controlled using conventional analytical and physicochemical techniques. This is due to the complex physical and chemical interactions…
Extractive Metallurgy of Copper
This requires that the copper be fire refined to remove most of its sulfur and oxygen. Fire refining removes sulfur and oxygen from liquid blister copper by (a) air oxidation …
Using Hydrogen as a Reductant in Fire Refining at Aurubis
1.1 Poling. The deoxidation of copper or "poling" is the final step in the pyrometallurgical process of primary and secondary copper extraction. The deoxidation generates CO 2 since gaseous and liquid hydrocarbons are the common choice for reducing agents. Aurubis uses natural gas and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) as …
Modeling of Metallurgical Process of Copper Fire Refining
A novel method involving a molten Ga flux for the synthesis of diffraction quality crystals of the compound Cu3.82(1)Mo3O12, a copper molybdate in the Lyonsite (α-Cu3Fe4(VO4)6) family, has been ...
Copper Refining: From Ore to Market | INN
The blister copper is recovered and is then subjected to a process called fire refining. In fire refining, air is blown through the copper to oxidize impurities into slag; then wood is added to ...
Modeling of Metallurgical Process of Copper Fire Refining
The refining of blister copper is based on the partial removal of impurities that have an increased affinity for oxygen. The most interesting is the process of centralized copper …
Fire Refining Process
The Fire Refining Process offers low operational and maintenance costs due to our state-of-the-art technology and process control. ... In 's Outotec Fire Refining Process, the hot blister copper is charged into an anode furnace for purification. The refining is carried out in batches where the necessary oxidation and reduction stages ...
Chemical Composition Data of the Main Stages of Copper …
The mining industry has faced significant challenges to maintaining copper production technically, economically, and environmentally viable. Some of the major limitations that must be overcome in the coming years are the copper ore grade decline due to its intense exploitation, the increasing requirements for environmental protection, …
Electrolytic Refining
The deposited copper is then separated from the cathode and anode and is replaced by a new block of raw copper at regular intervals for electrolytic copper refining. Properties and Uses of Copper. Copper is a major commercial metal. Some properties of copper are listed below: It has high electrical and thermal conductivity.
Pyrometallurgical Refining of Copper in an Anode Furnace
This requires that the copper be fire refined to remove most of its sulfur and oxygen. Fire refining removes sulfur and oxygen from liquid blister copper by (a) air oxidation removal of sulfur as ...
Review of copper pyrometallurgical practice: today and tomorrow
Part of the expansion plan included the expansion of Chuquicamata's copper refinery from 800,000 to 900,000 tpa of copper cathode (Mining Journal, 2002). BHP Billiton Ltd. owns 57.5% of the ndida mine in Chile which is the world's largest. ... pyrometallurgical treatment by means of fire-refining (e.g., gas poling); (ii) electrolytic ...
Estimation of CO2-Equivalent Emission under the Copper Fire Refining
The specific value of carbon dioxide emission of the copper refining process is averaged 181 kg CO2 per 1 ton of anode copper. Chart of emissions of the carbon dioxide of process of manufacturing ...
Electrorefining Copper
Table of Contents This report discusses Electrorefining Copper research conducted to increase the rate, deposit purity, and overall efficiency in industrial processes used to electrodeposit and purify metals by increasing substantially the operating current density range and optimizing the deposition process. Traditionally, copper refineries …
A New Copper Scrap Fire-Refining Concept for …
Arsenic monitoring is a critical issue in the copper-making industry, and its removal at the fire-refining stage is important. However, arsenic is poorly removed in …